Process of manufacturing neutral coconut oil



omit-1o STATE-S":

PATENT OFFICE.

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HAWAIIAN I LANDS.

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:6 Drawing.

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Be it known that I, WILLIAM STANLEY I Cooxson, a subject of the .King of Great Britain, a citizen of Straits Settlements, residing at Taiping,- in the State of Perak,

j Straits Settlements, have invented certain new and useful 'Impr0vements in Process of Manufacturing Neutral Coconut Oil, of

which the following is a specification. 10 l My invention relates to coconut oil, and it conslsts in the processfor producing the same; 1

- -An object of my inventlon is to provlde a coconut" "oil .which is neu odorless and may be used for'medicinal and toilet preparations, as well as for the manufacture of butter substitutes and for edible generally;

purposes A further. object of my invention is to provide a process for producing a pure, neutral coconut oil...

"Other, objects "and advantages will appear in the following specification, and the novel features of the invention will be particularly pointedout in the appended claims.

, In carrying out my invention I make use i of fresh coconut or clean copra as raw material.- If fresh coconuts are taken, it is pref.-

erable,although not.essential,-.'to have them of a certain degree of ripeness, i. e., a stage sta before the oil-content of thecoconut has.

reached its maximum, and before the sugar contenthas reached its 1 minimum, This stage is reached at about the time when the watery contents of the ripening (coconut, have beensufliciently reduced in volume to be barely perceptible on shaking. At a later the watery contents will shake a'udibly.

- f-the fresh coconuts are takenas raw material, the. husk of the coconut "(epicarp and 2 removed by rasping, scraping, grinding, cutmesocar 'pzl may be removed ornot, as'desired. e coconut is opened 'by' splitting,

. sawing, breaking, or by any,1othei suitable means, and'thepericarp is removed The endosperm (albumen-or white meat) .is

ting, breaking, or m any other suitable manner. i g v Where copra'is used as raw material, the

process h m h Patented Feb. 28, 1922. Application mammal as, 1910. semi 10.37am.

begins with the *follow' steps: The endosperm from the copra, or rom the fresh coconut asabove described, is reduced toa more or less finely divided state either In the presence'of water, such as the water of the coconut, or other water, or else a quantlty of water or some similar liquid is added after the endosperm has been reduced to a, satisfactory state of divis'ion,'that is to say, to pieces ranging in weight downwards, and of any/shape. The quantlty of water added will run from an amount equal to one-quarter by weight of the endo-' .sperm used, up to any usually not exceeding of the endosperm used.

The endosperm, withits added liquid, is

squeezed or subjected to pressure, either by or nany kmd of, press, moisture exy other mechanical contriy- 7 15 hand peller, orin an ance; or by rolling, or by a combin'ationbf.

rolling and abrasion, or by any kind'of screw action, or -by action similar-to that convenient amount, one-half the weight from one gram 65 of a mortar'and pestle, with, the object of separating from the solid constituents of the endosperm the liquids originally contained therein, in the form of emulsions or otherw1s'e, 1n addition to the liquid added to the endosperm.- .Instead of using mechanical means forextracting the liquid portions of 35 theendosperm 'from the $011d portion, they may be extracted with carbon tetrachloride,

petroleumether, chlordform,or any other fat solvent.

two products,-one comprisin'l the solid conand the other the residual liquid. The pres- Thesteps thus far'described will mule in 0 cut application deals primarily with the resi-.

dual liquid. This productis composed of water, coconut Oil n-albuf, memid and d possibly,

traces of other constituents, all in an emulsified state This emulsified product I 'call coconut milk. This coconut milk is concentrated by means of evaporation, either in the open, or under reduced atmospheric 1 pressure, as m a vacuum pan, or by separation on the principle [of an ordinary 'ce li- 1 05 trifuge, or cream separator; or it is coagu-- lated or flocculated b heat or chemicals, until it is wholly anhy rous, or within any desired percentage-of being so. During the processes of concentration described herein,

' centrating the the temperature of the product must not exceed 80 centigrade. This is essential.

The resulting product, which is concentrated coconut milk, consists of approximately 7 0% of pure coconut oil, 12% of proteid or albumenous matter, 12% of sugar, and 6% of water. The oil contained in the concentrated coconut milk, made as described above, by reason of the careful method of manufacture, is absolutely odorless, colorless, water-white, neutral, and free from rancidity or fatty acids. Such an oil,

as far as -Il am aware, has never been produced. in commercial quantity.

The oil is extracted from the cencentrated coconut milk by means of raising the prodnot above the melting point of the coconut fat, then lowering it below the solidification point oi? the coconut oil, and repeating these steps once or twice, coupled with gentle agitation, if necessary, when the oil will separate out of the and will float freely on the surface whence it can be easily poured ofi.

Owing to the purity of the product, the oil is especially adapted for medicinal and toilet preparations, and for the manufacture of edibles, such as butter substitute etc., for which a pure neutral oil is highly desirable.

ii claim:

1. The herein described process of producing a neutral coconut oil which consists in reducing coconut endosperm to a comminuted state in the presence of water, main taining the 'comminuted mass at normal temperature, extracting the liquid content, conliquid thus extracted, and subsequently separating out the oil from concentrated coconut milk,

the concentrated liquid by raising the latter nuted state in the presence of water, maintaining the comminuted mass at normal temperature, extracting the liquid content, concentrating the liquid thus extracted, subto a temperature above the melting point of sequently separating out the oil from the concentrated liquid by raising thelatter to a temperature above the melting point of coconut fat, lowering it below the solidification temperature of coconut oil, repeating the raising and lowering of the temperature accompanied with gentle agitation, and pouring off the separated oil.

3. The herein described process of producing a neutral coconut oil which-consists in reducing coconut endosperm to a comminuted state in the presence of water, maintaining the comminuted mass at normal temperature, extracting the liquid content, concentrating the liquid thus extracted by evaporation under heat not to exceed 80 centigrade, subsequently separating out the oil from the concentrated liquid by raising the latter to a temperature above the melting point of coconut i'at, lowering it below the solidification temperature of coconut oil, repeating the raising and lowering of the temperature accompanied with gentle agitation, and pouring oi? the separated oil.

WVILLIAM STANLEY COOKSON. 

